Tire.



E. FAVARY.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11, 1911.

Patented June 13, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. FAVARY.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. II. I911.

Patented June 13, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- I n 1 ua m'ro c E] M U wi l me/om E. FAVARY.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. II, 1911.

1 1 86,896 Patented June 13, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ETHELBERT FAVARY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TIRE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 13, 1916.

Application filed April 11, 1911. Serial No. 620,339.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETHELBERT FAVARY, a subject of the King of Hungary, residing at 132 Nassau street, New York, N. Y., United States of America, engineer, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tires, of which the following is a specification.

The invention is directed to the improvement of accommodating resilient structures or cushioning devices of the character disclosed in my co-pending application for U. S. Letters Patent, Ser. No. 516,063, filed September 3, 1909, which application discloses improvements upon structures of the character patented in my U. S. Letters Patent Nos. 981,253 and 981,101, granted January 10, 1911. The resilient structures patented in the said patents are of such character as pacity for deformation accompanied by but slight elongation of the tension members, whereby they are capable of accommodating themselves to the irregularities of the surfaces with which they come in contact, and wherein material is used which is sufficiently strong to resist the strain placed upon it when the greatest amount of deformation ever desired has been attained, and the necessarily limited amount of elongation, within the elastic limits of material of such strength, is distributed to impart the desired resilience to the structure as a whole throughout its range of deformability. In the said patents the structure disclosed comprises a plurality of tensioned bands supported by spaced compression members of relatively rigid material and securely fastended to the bands. In the said application, Ser. No. 516,063, there is disclosed an arrangement 'wherein the outer band alone maintains the form of the structure and may afford all the elasticity required to establish the desired resilience of the entire structure, the remainder of the structure constituting merely an articulated support capable of the large deformation required to afford the desired accommodation, although the material of the sub-structure or support will ordinarily as shown in that application, be such as, by its own elasticity, to take part in the production of the desired resilience. In such an arrangement the stretching of the single principal tension band tensions the whole structure and the inconvenience of establishto possess relatively great caing and maintaining the proper relative degrees of tension of a plurality of bands is avoided.

In the present invention, the above described structure is improved in such a way as to increase its accommodation and resilience by establishing such a connection between the deformable sub-structure or support and its relatively rigid base support or foundation (such, for example, as the folly of a wheel where the resilient structure is employed as a tire) that the whole of the deformable sub-structure immediately connected to the foundation may take part in the movement required for accommodation and is thus effective to amplify the desired characteristics of the structure; the moving element of the connection so incorporated in the structure being caused to stand up by the tension present within the structure. The result of the improvement is that with the same number of parts the accommoda, tion and resilience is increased, or conversely the same accommodation and resilience may be attained by a simpler structure of less number of parts. It will be understood that the connection which permits this desirable movement is, nevertheless, fixed to the foundation and incorporated with the sub-structure in such manner as toresist lateral displacement.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, shows in side elevation and partly in section, a portion of the folly of a wheel and an attached tire embodying this invention. Fig. 2, shows in side elevation a modification of the invention applied toa flat cushion structure such as a seat or mattress. Fig. 3, shows in crossfsection" a tire of the same general form as that shown in Fig. 1 but with slight modifications. shows in side elevation and partly in section a portion of a slightly modified form of the tire embodying the invention. Fig.

5, is an enlarged detail in section of the rocking supporting structure shown next the felly in Fig. 1. Fig. 6, is a plan of the lower, or socket part of the structure shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly in section on line 7-7 of Fig. 6, with the part I in place in its socket. Fig. 8, is a section 'crosswise and radially of the tire of one of the rocking connections shown next the tread band in the tire shown in Fig. 1. Fig.

Fig. 4-

'and 9.

9, is a section On line 99 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10, is a front elevation of a modified form of rocking joint which may be employed in place of that shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 11, is an end view of the joint shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12, is an elevation of another modified form of rocking joint which may be employed in place of that shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 13, is an end view of the joint shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 14, is a longitudinal elevation partly in section of another modification of the rocking joint which may be employed in place of that shown in Figs. 8 Fig. 15, is a cro$-section on line 1515 of Fig. 14, and Fig. 16, is an elevation of a portion of a modified form of tire embodying this invention in which the entire accommodating and resilient structure is made up of articulated links.

The structure illustrated in Fig. 1 is shown mounted on the relatively rigid metal felly a of a wheel 6. Guide posts a secured by rivets a to the felly a upstand therefrom and serve to retain cradles is which may be adjusted radially away from the felly a by the insertion beneath them of wedges or shims m. The cradles is have extended ends which engage the posts a and prevent the movement of the cradles transversely of the felly. The rim flanges are designated by 0, The cradle It has a depression k which is semi-circular in cross-section and which extends to within a short distance of the ends of the cradle ending in a substantially perpendicular wall. \A bar 1, the under face I of which is curved, has a rocking engagement in the depression k of the cradle. The bar Z is firmly riveted to the lowermost band 1 of the tire, and when this band is tensioned, it is impossible for the bars 1 to come out of their cradle, though they may rock therein in the plane of the wheel. This structure just described is clearly shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. Spacing blocks [L are secured to'the lowermost band 1 between the bars I and support the intermediate band 2, being also secured to this band. Between the supports h rounded carriers 'n are shown setured to the band 2, and these carriers form half of an accommodating anchorage device for supporting the outer or tread band 3. The carriers n have a rounded upper body portion n upon which saddles 0 fit and are capable of rocking in the plane of the wheel. The saddles o are secured to the outer ortread band 1', and one end of the depression in these saddles has an undercut wall 0' (see Fig. 8) which is adapted to project under an undercut uponthe end of the carrier n. By arranging the undercut wall on the opposite ends of alternate anchorages, the accidental displacement of the parts is prevented, but it is easily possible to disengage them when desired, by lifting and pushing alternate saddle members 0 in opposite directions; so that in a tire such as the one shown in Fig. 1 the outer band may easily be removed and replaced.

The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2 is shown as a straight structure mounted on a straight bar a corresponding to the fell a of Fig. 1. In this figure the foundation ar a is provided with thimbles d which are interiorly screwthreaded, and which may be turned on the foundation bar a. Staple shaped anchor pieces having downwardly projecting screw-threzuled legs 0 are mounted in the thimbles d, and may be raised or lowered by turning the thimbles (I in the foundation bar a. When the staple pieces are adjusted to the proper height, they may be there secured by nuts 6 applied to the legs 0 beneath the foundation bar a,

the nuts 0 being screwed up against lock washers 7 bearing against the under side of the foundation bar a. The cross limb c of the staple shaped anchor piece is nicely rounded and extends transversely of the foundation bar a. and upon this nicely rounded limb c' of the staple shaped anchor piece is mounted a saddle or swivel plate 9 of such design as to engage the anchor piece and rock, thereon, the saddle plate being provided with a depression conforming to the nicely rounded limb of the anchor piece to rock thereon, the ends of the depression in the saddle being adapted to engage with the anchor piece and prevent transverse movement of the saddle. The saddle plates. 9 in Fig. 2 are securely fas' tened to the lowermost band 1 of the resilient structure therein shown, which embodies four bands, 1, 2, 3 and 4. The supports between the bands 3 and 4 are rigid, and fastening means pass through the support and the bands as shown. In Fig. 4 the fastening device is shown in the form of a tubular rivet h.

Fig. 4 shows a tire structure very similar to the cushion structure shown in Fig. 2. In this Fig. 4, the felly a corresponds to the foundation bar a in Fig. 2, and the staple shapedanchor piece 0 is secured therein in the same manner as the anchor pieces are secured in the structure shown in Fig. 2. The construction described in connection with Figs. 2 and 4 will be clearly seen by referring to the section shown in Fig. 3.

In Figs. 10 and 11, a form of rocking support is shown in which the lower and upper members have a rolling contact, and the lower member 79 is provided with a central opening into which a tongue 9 projecting downwardly from the upper member 9 projects and prevents displacement of the members relative to one another.

In Figs. 12 and 13 a form of rocking support is shown in which the upper and lower members r and 1', respectively, are secured together by a pintle s.

depressions which engage a third or conshown as a round bar.

necting member n are each provided The members 0 and 0 with rivet holes as shown, the rivets pass in fastening bands thereto.

' The staple shaped anchor pieces 0 shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 provide a very convenient means of applying tension to the bands in place of the wedges or shims employed in the form shown in Fig. 1, both of these devices constituting'radial tension members in the tire structure.

All of the forms described of the supports provided upon the foundation piece or felly are constituted of a member rigidly attached to the rim or to a tension member, this rigidly attached member being designed to cooperate with a complementary member which will attach to an adjacent tension the respective member, the one member carrying a projeca rigid felly tion making a rocking fit with a depression in the complementary member.

In Fig. 16, a tire which is entirely made up of metal links so articulated as to form the three tension members 1, 2, and 3 with the substantially rigid support between them. This structure is tensioned by raising the supports 10 in their base members as by means of shims, the supports 1:: being guided by the guides in the same manner as that shown in Fig. 1. The support is is provided with a rounded portion is which fits a depression in one of the links forming the lowermost band I of the deformable structure. The base members as have end walls on the two sides of the supports k, which have end flanges upstanding on the sides of the links supported thereby thus preventing lateral displacement of the tire on the base members an, but permitting rocking movement irrespective of the tension to which the tire is subjected. The rubber tread j of this tire is secured to the outer member 3 of the link structure.

Having thus I claim is:

1. A tire structure having, tion, a rigid felly supporting aplurality of concentric fabric ban s with rigid supports interposed between said bands and fastened thereto, said supports being held under tension against angular movement by the bands, and non-resilient hinged sup orts between the innermost band and the elly, one member of each support being fastened to the felly and another member of the support being fastened to the band.

2. A resilient deformable tire, comprising supporting a resilient structure of practically non-elastic and non-springy described my invention what through which structure is illustrated.

in eombinatension and compression members, the tension members being fastened to the compression members and the compression members next the felly being hinged and having their innermost parts fastened to the felly.

3. A resilient deformable tire comprising a rigid felly supporting a deformable and in itself flabby structure of practically nonelastic and non-springy tension and compression members, the tension members being fastened to the compression members, and the compression members next the felly being hinged and having their innermost parts fastened 'to the felly, .and a tension hand holding said structure in tension to render it resilient.

4. The combination with a wheel having a rigid felly, of a tire comprising a plurality of concentric pliable bands, rigid supports interposed between said bands and fastened thereto, and outwardly tensioned anchorages upon said felly positively engaging the innermost of said bands intermediate the supports fastened thereto and holding all of said bands except the outermost distended in zig-zag formation against said outermost band, said anchorages being hinged and havifnl their innermost parts secured to said 5. In a tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly and hinged anchorages comprising cradle guides secured to the felly, cradles radially movable in said guides and anchorage members adapted to be secured to a band and having bearing parts making rocking engagement with the cradles.

6. The combination with a wheel having a rigid felly, of a tire comprising a plurality ofconcentric pliable bands, rigid supports interposed between said bands and fastened thereto, and outwardly tensioned anchorages upon said felly positively engaging the innermost of said bands intermediate the supports fastened thereto, and holding all of said bands except the outermost distended 1n zig-zag formation against said outermost band, said anchorages being jointed and comprising cradle guides secured to the felly, the cradles being radially movable in said guides, and anchorage members adapted to be secured to a band and having bearing parts making rocking engagement with the cradles, said cradles having extended ends which engage the guldes and restrain the that the outer band may readilybe removed and replaced.

8. In a tire structure of the character described,'a rigid felly, and hinged anchorages comprisingicradle guides secured to the telly, cradles set in said guides, and rocking members adapted-to be'secured to a band and bearing parts-making rocking engagement with the cradles.

In a tire structure of the character described, arigid felly, and hinged anchorages comprising cradle guides secured to the telly, cradles voutwardly movable in said guides, rocking members'adapted to be secured to a band and having bearing parts making rocking engagement with the cradles, and means for moving the cradles outwardly to tension the tire.

10. In a tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the felly, and a plurality of hinged anchorages interposed between the felly and the said resilient structure and adapted to hold it in tensioned condition on the felly, said anchorages com rising cradles circumferentially positione but radially adjustable relatively to the felly, and rocking members fastened to the said resilient structure and having rocking engagement with the cradles.

11. In a tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the felly, and a plurality of hinged anchorages interposed between the felly and the said resilient structure and adapted to hold it in tensioned condition on the felly, said anchorages comprising cradles circumferentially positioned on the telly and rocking members fastened to the said resilient structure and restingin said cradles and held thereby against circumferential and lateral displacement.

12. In a tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the felly, guides on the felly, guides against circumferential and lateral displacement and free from the felly to move radially away therefrom, and laterally removable spacing shims between the guided anchorage members and the felly.

13. In a tire structure ofthe character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing-the felly, guides on the felly, and anchorage members held by the guides against circumferential and lateral displacement and free from the folly of the anchorage of the cradles transversely and anchorage members held by the said anchorage members having extended ends which engage the guides to restrain the movement of the anchorage members transversely of the felly.

14. In a tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the felly, guides on the telly, and anchorage members held by the guides against circumferential and lateral displacement and free from the felly to move radially away therefrom, said anchorage'members having extended endswhich engage the guides to restrain the movement members transversely of the telly.

15. Ina tire structure of the character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the felly, and a plurality of tween the telly and the said resilient structure and adapted to hold it in tensioned condition on the felly, 'said anchorages comprising cradle guideson the telly, cradles radially movable in chorage means secured to said resilient structure and having bearing parts making rockmg engagement with the cradles, said .cradles having extended ends which engage the guides and restrain the movementof-the felly.

16. In a tire structure ofithe character described, a rigid felly, a resilient annular structure embracing the folly, and a plurality of hinged anchorages interposed between the felly and the said resilient structure and adapted to hold it in tensioned condition on the folly, said anchorages comprising cradle guides on the felly, cradles radially movable in said guides, and anchorage means secured to said resilient structure and having bearing parts making rocking engagement with the cradles, said cradles having extended ends which engage 1 the guides and restrain the movement of the hinged anchorages interposed be- 

